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Research

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Maternal and Infant Health

Our maternal and infant health research covers a wide range of issues and conditions, including patient care, screening, mental health, gestational diabetes, autism, pediatric stroke, and sudden infant death syndrome.

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Pregravid Blood Pressure & Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: SGA and Preterm Birth

Funder: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Principal Investigator: Gunderson, Erica

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Gestational weight gain and risk of gestational diabetes in preterm delivery

We propose to conduct a cohort study among the estimated 11,000 multi-ethnic KPNC health plan members who completed a detailed survey as part of the RPGEH in 2007 and had a subsequent live birth delivered up to 2011. The study aims are 1) To evaluate whether increasing rate of gestational weight gain up to the time of screening for GDM is associated with an increased risk of GDM 2) To examine total rate of gestational weight gain and the risk of preterm birth sub-types: spontaneous preterm birth and medically indicated preterm birth.
Funder: Health Resources and Services Administration
Principal Investigator: Hedderson, Monique

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Evaluation of Novel H1N1 Influenza A Virus Infection and Vaccine Effectiveness among Pregnant Women, a High Risk Population Prioritized for Early Receipt of Vaccine

1. Estimate the effectiveness of vaccines for prevention of H1N1 infenction among pregnant women. 2. Examine the effect H1N1 infection on pregnancy outcomes. 3. Estimate vertical transmission of H1N1 infection 4. Examine the modifying factors for H1N1 effect on pregnant women 5. Follow up infant status by H1N1 infected women.
Funder: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Principal Investigator: Li, De-Kun

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Prenatal and Neonatal Biologic Markers for Autism (EMA)

The proposed study will continue an investigation of prenatal and newborn biologic markers for autism previously funded by NIH. The goal of the new study is to further investigate the role of prenatal and newborn immunologic factors, genetic susceptibility factors, and environmental exposures by evaluating stored prenatal (maternal) and newborn blood specimens for children with autism, children with other developmental disabilities, and population controls.  We anticipate that the results of this study will contribute to identifying factors that increase the risk for autism and may lead to eventual prevention of autism and related disorders.
Funder: Nat. Inst. of Environmental Health Sciences
Principal Investigator: Croen, Lisa

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Prenatal and Neonatal Biologic Markers for Autism

The study will continue an investigation of prenatal and newborn biologic markers for autism previously funded by NIH. The goal of the new study is to further investigate the role of prenatal and newborn immunologic factors, genetic susceptibility factors, and environmental exposures by evaluating stored prenatal (maternal) and newborn blood specimens for children with autism, children with other developmental disabilities, and population controls.
Funder: Kaiser Foundation Health Plan
Principal Investigator: Croen, Lisa

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Changing Epidemiology of Bacteremia in Infants Age 1 Week to 3 Months

The goal of this study is to examine the changing epidemiology of bacteremia in infants one week to three months old over the last five years.
Funder: Kaiser Permanente Community Benefit Program
Principal Investigator: Greenhow, Tara

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Pregnancy Outcome Following Immunization with Trivalent Influenza Vaccine in Early Pregnancy (Vaccine Safety Fellowship Program)

To support the fellowship of Dr. Ali Rowhani-Rahbar.
Funder: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Principal Investigator: Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali

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H1N1 Flu and Pregnancy: The Kaiser Permanente Experience

In this study we will examine all pregnancies within the four regions of  KP populations to identify women with ILI (influenza like illness) at any time during pregnancy at a time period when there was significant local circulation of swine flu in the immediate surrounding community.  We will then compare their pregnancy and infant birth outcomes to: (a) the outcomes of women who were pregnant at the same time period but did not have a medical care visit for ILI during their pregnancy, and (b) the outcomes of women who sought medical care for ILI during pregnancy during the current seasonal influenza season and the seasonal influenza of the past 5 years.
Funder: Kaiser Permanente Community Benefit Program
Principal Investigator: Li, De-Kun

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A Phase 3b, Open-Label, Randomized, Parallel-Group, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Safety of Novartis Men ACWY Conjugate Vaccine When Administered With Routine Infant Vaccinations to Healthy Infants

Funder: Novartis
Principal Investigator: Klein, Nicola

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Phase III, Partially Double-Blind Study to Evaluate Consistency and Immunogenicity of 3 Lots of GSK Biologicals’ Hib Conjugate Vaccine 208108 Versus ActHIB and Pentacel at 2, 4, 6 and 15-18 Months of Age in Healthy Infants

Funder: GlaxoSmithKline
Principal Investigator: Klein, Nicola

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A Study of Women’s Preferences in Prenatal Genetic Testing

Funder: Kaiser Permanente Community Benefit Program
Principal Investigator: Norton, Mary

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Hair Diameter Changes in Pregnancy

  This study will use noninvasive techniques to measure hair diameters and changes that occur during and after pregnancy.  
Funder: Proctor and Gamble
Principal Investigator: Mirmirani, Paradi

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Lactation and Glucose Tolerance after GDM Pregnancy – SWIFT, Study of Women, Infant Feeding and Type 2 Diabetes

This study examines whether lactation prevents or delays the development of type 2 diabetes in a large, population-based sample of women with a recent pregnancy complicated by GDM in Kaiser Permanente Northern California.
Funder: Nat. Inst. of Child Health and Human Dev.
Principal Investigator: Gunderson, Erica

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ARRA Supplement to Lactation and Glucose Tolerance after GDM Pregnancy – SWIFT, Study of Women, Infant Feeding and Type 2 Diabetes

This study examines whether lactation prevents or delays the development of type 2 diabetes in a large, population-based sample of women with a recent pregnancy complicated by GDM in Kaiser Permanente Northern California.
Funder: Nat. Inst. of Child Health and Human Dev.
Principal Investigator: Gunderson, Erica

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Fetal Risks of Immunosuppressive Drugs in Autoimmune Disease

The primary aim of this study is to examine whether exposure to biologics medication during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes.
Funder: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Principal Investigator: Li, De-Kun

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Total Serum Bilirubin Exceeding Exchange Transfusion Thresholds in the Setting of Universal Screening

Flaherman, V. J.; Kuzniewicz, M. W.; Escobar, G. J.; Newman, T. B.;
 
Nov 30 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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The impact of maternal characteristics on the moderately premature infant: an antenatal maternal transport clinical prediction rule

Dukhovny, D.; Dukhovny, S.; Pursley, D. M.; Escobar, G. J.; McCormick, M. C.; Mao, W. Y.; Zupancic, J. A.;
 
Nov 10 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Estimating the Probability of Neonatal Early-Onset Infection on the Basis of Maternal Risk Factors

Puopolo, K. M.; Draper, D.; Wi, S.; Newman, T. B.; Zupancic, J.; Lieberman, E.; Smith, M.; Escobar, G. J.;
Pediatrics  
Oct 24 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Lactation Intensity and Postpartum Maternal Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Resistance in Women With Recent GDM: The SWIFT cohort

Gunderson, E. P.; Hedderson, M. M.; Chiang, V.; Crites, Y.; Walton, D.; Azevedo, R. A.; Fox, G.; Elmasian, C.; Young, S.; Salvador, N.; Lum, M.; Quesenberry, C. P.; Lo, J. C.; Sternfeld, B.; Ferrara, A.; Selby, J. V.;
Diabetes Care  
Oct 19 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Maternal exposure to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in the first trimester and risk of malformations in offspring: a retrospective cohort study

Li, D. K.; Yang, C.; Andrade, S.; Tavares, V.; Ferber, J. R.;
BMJ   343 d5931 (10p)
 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Medication Exposure in Pregnancy Risk Evaluation Program

Andrade, S. E.; Davis, R. L.; Cheetham, T. C.; Cooper, W. O.; Li, D. K.; Amini, T.; Beaton, S. J.; Dublin, S.; Hammad, T. A.; Pawloski, P. A.; Raebel, M. A.; Smith, D. H.; Staffa, J. A.; Toh, S.; Dashevsky, I.; Haffenreffer, K.; Lane, K.; Platt, R.; Scott, P. E.;
 
Oct 15 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Provision of Contraceptive Services to Women with Diabetes Mellitus

Schwarz, E. B.; Postlethwaite, D.; Hung, Y. Y.; Lantzman, E.; Armstrong, M. A.; Horberg, M. A.;
 
Sep 16 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Provision of Contraceptive Services to Women with Diabetes Mellitus

Schwarz, E. B.; Postlethwaite, D.; Hung, Y. Y.; Lantzman, E.; Armstrong, M. A.; Horberg, M. A.;
Journal of general internal medicine 
Sep 16 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Prenatal exposure to beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists and risk of autism spectrum disorders

Croen, L. A.; Connors, S. L.; Matevia, M.; Qian, Y.; Newschaffer, C.; Zimmerman, A. W.;
Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders  
Aug 27 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Epidemiology of peripartum cardiomyopathy: incidence, predictors, and outcomes

Gunderson, E. P.; Croen, L. A.; Chiang, V.; Yoshida, C. K.; Walton, D.; Go, A. S.;
Obstet Gynecol   118 (3): 583-91
Sep 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Maternal Exposure to Magnetic Fields During Pregnancy in Relation to the Risk of Asthma in Offspring

Li, D. K.; Chen, H.; Odouli, R.;
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med  
Aug 1 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Increased mid-gestational IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-5 in women giving birth to a child with autism: a case-control study

Goines, P. E.; Croen, L. A.; Braunschweig, D.; Yoshida, C. K.; Grether, J.; Hansen, R.; Kharrazi, M.; Ashwood, P.; Van de Water, J.;
Mol Autism   2 (1): 13
Aug 2 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Epidemiology of apnea and bradycardia resolution in premature infants

Lorch, S. A.; Srinivasan, L.; Escobar, G. J.;
Pediatrics  128 (2): e366-73
Aug 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Randomised trial comparing hand expression with breast pumping for mothers of term newborns feeding poorly

Flaherman, V. J.; Gay, B.; Scott, C.; Avins, A.; Lee, K. A.; Newman, T. B.;
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed  
Jul 11 2011
PubMed abstract  »

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Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy and Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders

Croen, L. A.; Grether, J. K.; Yoshida, C. K.; Odouli, R.; Hendrick, V.;
Arch Gen Psychiatry  
Jul 4 2011
PubMed abstract  »